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Primary - Stage 3 (Year 5 & 6) Stage 3 (Year 5 & 6) Whole Numbers & Place Value

Multiples of a number

20 practice questions 0 video lessons Theory + worked examples
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Theory

A multiple of a number is what you get when you multiply it by a whole number, so multiples are the numbers you land on when skip counting. A common multiple is a number that appears in the multiples of two numbers.

A multiple of a number is the result of multiplying it by a whole number. The multiples of \(4\) are \(4, 8, 12, 16, 20, \ldots\), which is \(4\times1, 4\times2, 4\times3, \ldots\)

These are the numbers you land on when you skip count by \(4\). Every number has endlessly many multiples, and a number is a multiple of itself.

A common multiple of two numbers appears in both lists. \(30\) is a common multiple of \(5\) and \(6\).

Multiples of 4 on a number line A number line from 0 to 24 with dots on the multiples of 4: 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, and jump arcs of plus 4 between them. 0 4 8 12 16 20 24 +4
Multiples of \(4\): \(4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, \ldots\) — skip counting in fours.

The first five multiples of some numbers — each row is that number's skip-counting pattern:

Number1st2nd3rd4th5th
\(3\)\(3\)\(6\)\(9\)\(12\)\(15\)
\(4\)\(4\)\(8\)\(12\)\(16\)\(20\)
\(5\)\(5\)\(10\)\(15\)\(20\)\(25\)
\(6\)\(6\)\(12\)\(18\)\(24\)\(30\)
Common multiples. A number in more than one row is a common multiple — \(12\) appears for \(3\), \(4\) and \(6\).

How to find multiples

  1. Multiply the number by \(1, 2, 3, 4, \ldots\), or skip count by it.
  2. Keep going as far as you need — the list never ends.
  3. For a common multiple, list the multiples of both numbers and find one that appears in both.
Example 1 — Next multiple
Skip count by \(4\): \(4, 8, 12, 16, \ldots\) What is the next multiple?
Solution
\(16 + 4\)\(=\)\(20\)

The next multiple of \(4\) is \(20\).

Example 2 — Past a number
What is the next multiple of \(5\) after \(37\)?
Solution

Multiples of \(5\) end in \(0\) or \(5\): \(5\times7 = 35\), \(5\times8 = 40\).

The next one after \(37\) is \(40\).

Example 3 — Common multiple
Which number is a multiple of both \(5\) and \(6\)?
Solution

Multiples of \(6\): \(6, 12, 18, 24, 30\).

\(30\) also ends in \(0\), so it is a multiple of \(5\). Answer: \(30\).

Example 4 — Largest under a limit
What is the largest multiple of \(7\) that is less than \(100\)?
Solution

\(7\times14 = 98\) and \(7\times15 = 105\).

\(105\) is too big, so the answer is \(98\).

Common pitfalls

Thinking multiples run out. The list never ends — there is no largest multiple of a number.
Forgetting the number itself. A number is a multiple of itself; \(4\) is the first multiple of \(4\).
Slipping while skip counting. After \(24\), the next multiple of \(8\) is \(32\), not \(30\).

Frequently asked questions

What is a multiple of a number?

What you get when you multiply it by a whole number. The multiples of \(4\) are \(4, 8, 12, 16, 20, \ldots\)

How do you find the multiples of a number?

Skip count by it, or multiply by \(1, 2, 3, \ldots\) The multiples of \(5\) are \(5, 10, 15, 20, 25, \ldots\)

What is a common multiple?

A number that appears in the multiples of two numbers. \(30\) is a common multiple of \(5\) and \(6\).

Is a number a multiple of itself?

Yes. The first multiple of a number is the number itself.

How many multiples does a number have?

Endlessly many — there is no largest multiple, because you can always multiply by a bigger whole number.