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Primary - Stage 3 (Year 5 & 6) Stage 3 (Year 5 & 6) Time

Duration & elapsed time

20 practice questions 0 video lessons Theory + worked examples
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Theory

To find how long something lasts, count on: first to the next o'clock, then in whole hours, then the extra minutes. An hour is \(60\) minutes, so never subtract times like decimals.

Duration, or elapsed time, is how long something lasts from a start time to a finish time.

The safest way to find it is to count on: jump from the start to the next o'clock, then in whole hours, then on to the finish, and add the jumps.

An hour is \(60\) minutes, so times cannot be subtracted like ordinary numbers. If both times are in the same hour, just take the minutes away.

Count on in steps. From 10:40 to 12:15 is \(20 + 60 + 15 = 95\) minutes.
Counting on from 10:40 to 12:15 A number line with three jumps: plus 20 minutes to 11:00, plus 60 to 12:00, plus 15 to 12:15, giving 95 minutes. 10:4011:0012:0012:15 +20 +60 +15
From 10:40 to 12:15: jump \(+20\) to 11:00, \(+60\) to 12:00, \(+15\) to 12:15. Total \(20 + 60 + 15 = 95\) minutes.

Break the journey at each o'clock.

JumpMinutes
10:40 to 11:00\(20\)
11:00 to 12:00\(60\)
12:00 to 12:15\(15\)
Total\(95\)

\(95\) minutes is the same as \(1\) hour \(35\) minutes, because \(95 - 60 = 35\).

Counting on to find a duration

  1. Jump to the next o'clock and note the minutes.
  2. Jump in whole hours up to the last o'clock before the finish.
  3. Jump the extra minutes on to the finish time.
  4. Add the jumps. Convert to hours and minutes if needed, remembering \(60\) minutes in an hour.
Example 1 — Same hour
How long from 9:15 to 9:50?
Solution

Both times are in the same hour, so subtract the minutes.

\(50 - 15\)\(=\)\(35\)

It lasts \(35\) minutes.

Example 2 — Count on in hours
How long from 8:20 am to 11:00 am?
Solution

Count on to 9:00, then in whole hours.

\(40 + 120\)\(=\)\(160\)

That is \(2\) h \(40\) min.

Example 3 — Cross the hour
How many minutes from 10:40 am to 12:15 pm?
Solution

Jump \(+20\), \(+60\), then \(+15\).

\(20 + 60 + 15\)\(=\)\(95\)

It is \(95\) minutes.

Example 4 — Find the finish
A film starts at 7:45 pm and runs \(95\) minutes. When does it finish?
Solution

Count on \(15\) to 8:00, leaving \(80\) minutes, which is \(1\) h \(20\).

\(8{:}00 + 1\text{ h }20\)\(=\)\(9{:}20\)

It finishes at 9:20 pm.

Common pitfalls

Treating times like decimals. An hour is \(60\) minutes, so 08:05 take away 07:15 is not \(90\) minutes; count on instead.
Counting the part hour twice. From 8:20 to 11:00 is \(2\) hours \(40\) minutes, not \(3\) hours \(20\).
Forgetting midday. Counting from am to pm still crosses 12:00 like any other hour.

Frequently asked questions

How do I work out elapsed time?

Count on from the start time: first to the next o'clock, then in whole hours, then the extra minutes. Add the jumps for the total.

Why can't I just subtract the two times?

Because an hour is \(60\) minutes, not \(100\). Subtracting like decimals gives the wrong answer, so counting on is safer.

How long is 95 minutes in hours and minutes?

\(1\) hour \(35\) minutes, because \(95 - 60 = 35\).

How do I find a finish time from a duration?

Count on the duration from the start time. A film at 7:45 pm running \(95\) minutes finishes at 9:20 pm.

What if both times are in the same hour?

Just take the minutes away. From 9:15 to 9:50 is \(50 - 15 = 35\) minutes.